Emergency War Surgery NATO Handbook: Part IV: Regional Wounds and Injuries: Chapter XXXI: Wounds and Injuries of the Genitourinary Tract
United States Department of Defense
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Genitourinary tract injuries in a combat zone constitute approximately 5% of the total injuries encountered. With the exception of the external genitalia, these wounds invariably will be associated with serious visceral injury and, as a result, are generally managed in areas where there are major surgical and roentgenographic capabilities. The treatment of urologic injuries does not vary from established surgical principles: hemostasis, debridement, and drainage. In contrast to intraperitoneal injuries, preoperative evaluation, utilizing appropriate urographic diagnostic procedures, is simpler and more expedient than an extensive retroperitoneal exploration at the time of laparotomy. Preoperative urologic contrast studies are particularly rewarding when an unsuspected injury, anomaly, or absence is discovered.
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