Emergency War Surgery NATO Handbook: Part II: Response of the Body to Wounding: Chapter IX: Shock and Resuscitation
United States Department of Defense
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Circulatory collapse is hastened or aggravated by a number of factors. Preexisting fluid or electrolyte imbalances resulting from excessive sweating, diarrhea, or vomiting all contribute. The same effect occurs when handling of the casualty during evacuation is rough and trumatic, when injured extremities are not splinted, or when there is sudden shifting of the casualty's position.
Relative overdoses of morphine and certain operating room drugs tan make matters worse, as can operation with inadequate anesthesia, prolonged operation, excessive mesenteric traction, of massive contamination of the peritoneum.
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